заряд

The results of nickel cadmium accumulators (NCA) formation with the asymmetric and constant currents are represented. Accumulators formation with the asymmetric current allowed to reduce one-half the time of technological cycle of placing these accumulators in service, comparing with the constant current mode, with maintenance of their operational characteristics. Comparative characteristics of NCA operational parameters are given. After tests imitating exploitation conditions of accumulators, charging capacity of accumulators formed with the asymmetric current at current charge of operational mode is 46–49% higher than similar charging capacity of accumulators formed with the constant current.

Comparative results of capacity renewal of sealed nickel-cadmium batteries with asymmetric and direct currents after their long-term storage are represented. Capacity renewal with asymmetric current was carried out in an accelerated manner at average value of the charging current equal to 0,25C_rated. Capacity renewal with direct current was carried out at average value of the charging current equal to 0,1C_rated in accordance with Technical Conditions. Applying asymmetric current for battery capacity renewal allowed to half in comparison with applying direct current for this purpose – the number of necessary renewal cycles before accumulators would gain rated capacity.

In this review electrochemical and structural data for the electrodes made of certain of perspective materials for supercapacitors are considered. These electrodes were made on the basis of high-dispersed carbon materials. The following materials were used: singlelayer and multilayer carbon nanotubes; reduced oxide of graphene; the carbide type activated carbon; polyacrilonitrile fibers treated by carbonization and activation; the activated carbon fibrous material; the activated carbon cloth; a composite of polyporphirine on carbon black; polyporhine of magnesium, electrodeposited on carbon paper; and a polyaniline composite with the singlelayer nanotubes, electrodeposited on carbon paper. The short review of techniques of synthesis of these electrode materials is presented. Comparison of capactance characteristics of these electrodes for the purpose of the recommendation of their use in certain types of electrochemical supercapacitors is carried out.